八解脱

(八解脫, 八解脱)

aṣṭa-vimokṣa, mokṣa, vimukti, mukti. Liberation, deliverance, freedom, emancipation, escape, release―in eight forms; also [lang id =1028]八背捨 and cf. [lang id =1028]解脫 and [lang id =1028]八勝處. The eight are stages of mental concentration:

(1) [lang id =1028]內有色想觀外色解脱 Liberation, when subjective desire arises, by examination of the object, or of all things and realization of their filthiness.

(2) [lang id =1028]內無色想觀外色解脫 Liberation, when no subjective desire arises, by still meditating as above. These two are　deliverance by meditation on impurity, the next on　purity.

(3) [lang id =1028]淨身作證具足住解脫 Liberation by concentration on the pure to the realization of a permanent state of freedom from all desire. The above three "correspond to the four Dhyānas". (Eitel.)

(4) [lang id =1028]空無邊處解脫 Liberation in realization of the infinity of space, or the immaterial.

(5) [lang id =1028]識無邊處解脫 Liberation in realization of infinite knowledge.

(6) [lang id =1028]無所有處解脫Liberation in realization of nothingness, or nowhereness.

(7) [lang id =1028]非想非非想處解脫 Liberation in the state of mind where there is neither thought nor absence of thought. These four arise out of abstract meditation in regard to desire and form, and are associated with the [lang id =1028]四空天.

(8) [lang id =1028]滅受 [lang id =1028]想定解脫 Liberation by means of a state of mind in which there is final extinction, nirvāṇa, of both sensation, vedanā, and consciousness, saṁjñā.